Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Sep 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993ap%26ss.207..119s&link_type=abstract
Astrophysics and Space Science (ISSN 0004-640X), vol. 207, no. 1, p. 119-128
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
2
Electric Charge, Electromagnetism, Gauge Theory, Magnetic Flux, Stellar Models, Sunspots, Three Dimensional Models, Angular Momentum, Minkowski Space, Vortices
Scientific paper
We present a (2+1)-dimensional sunspot model whose Lagrange density contains, in addition to the classical Maxwellian term, the so-called Chern-Simons term generalized here in a gauge-invariant way. It is shown that it is namely this term which is responsible for the confinement of the spot's electromagnetic field into a finite-dimensional domain. We further demonstrate that besides the total magnetic flux it is also the spot's electric charge which is non-zero and that both quantities are topologically quantized, i.e. can acquire discrete values only. Finally, a cylindrically symmetric sunspot carrying rho magnetic flux quanta, rho being a positive integer, is revealed to possess a non-zero total angular momentum, the magnitude of which is proportional to rho2. The latter fact also implies the stability of rotating sunspots against their fragmentation (splitting).
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