Other
Scientific paper
Sep 1999
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999dda....31.0511r&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DDA meeting #31, #05.11
Other
Scientific paper
Between the years 1985 and 1996 the U.S. Naval Observatory, using two transit circles, one located in Washington, DC (USA) and the other in Blenheim, New Zealand, conducted an ambitious program of fundamental observations of celestial positions completely covering both hemispheres. Over 735,000 individual observations were made, primarily of International References Stars (IRS), as well as all the major planets (except Pluto) and thirteen minor planets. Some 55,000 observations were obtained of day-time objects including the Sun, Mercury, Venus, and Mars. The original objective was to form a traditional, all-sky catalog of absolute star positions which could be firmly linked to the dynamical system. However, with the success of the Hipparcos project and the adoption of the ICRS as the celestial reference frame, the primary focus of the Pole-to-Pole program changed. The stellar positions have been differentially reduced to the system of Hipparcos and these were used to tie the planetary observations into the ICRS. Thus the program has resulted in a body of high quality observational data that will provide important input for modern, ICRS-based ephemerides. This is particularly true for the outer and minor planets.
Holdenried Ellis R.
Rafferty Theodore J.
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