Extinction and scattering in the Orion Nebula - Comparison of optical and VLA 21 centimeter studies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Interstellar Extinction, Orion Nebula, Scattering Cross Sections, Astronomical Models, Brightness Distribution, Emission Spectra, H Ii Regions, Very Large Array (Vla)

Scientific paper

We have compared VLA 21 cm continuum maps of M42 with extinction-corrected H-beta images and found that much of M42 has an excess of H-beta surface brightness. This is interpreted as reflection by particles lying close to the principal ionization front. Comparison of column densities of H I near M42 and extinction (C(H-beta)) indicates an excellent area-by-area correlation, establishing that most of the extinction in M42 arises in the neutral lid that lies on the near side of the nebula. A more quantitative comparison of (C(H-beta)) and N(H I), the column density, is consistent with this conclusion and indicates a dust scattering cross section per hydrogen atom that is similar to the value for the general interstellar medium. The usual model for extinction in the Trapezium region is that it occurs very near the stars and produces an anomalous reddening curve through modification of the nature or size distribution of the particles. These new results question the basic assumptions and conclusions of that model.

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