GRAPE-1A: Special-Purpose Computer for N-body Simulation with a Tree Code

Details GRAPE-1A: Special-Purpose Computer for N-body Simulation with a Tree Code GRAPE-1A: Special-Purpose Computer for N-body Simulation with a Tree Code

Dec 1991

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991pasj...43..841f&link_type=abstract

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, v.43, p.841-858.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

27

Collisionless Systems, Galaxies, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Special-Purpose Computers, Tree Algorithm

Scientific paper

We have designed and built GRAPE (GRAvity PipE)-1A, a special-purpose computer for N-body simulations using the O(N log N) tree code. GRAPE-1A calculates the gravitational force between particles. A host computer, which is connected to GRAPE-1A, performs all other calculations. GRAPE-1A is different from its predecessor, GRAPE-1, which was designed for the N(2) direct summation, regarding three points: a) it can handle particles with different masses, b) the speed of communication between the host computer and GRAPE-1A has been increased, c) and a neighbor list unit has been added. The peak speed of GRAPE-1A is equivalent to 240 Mflops. The effective speed is >200 Mflops for the direct summation, and around 80 Mflops for the tree algorithm. Using GRAPE-1A and the modified tree algorithm code, one time step takes 2 s for N=4096 and 20 s for N=32768. GRAPE-1A can complete either a simulation of interacting galaxies (N=10(5) , 5000 timesteps) or a cosmological simulation (N=10(6) , 500 timesteps) within one week. GRAPE-1A can be also applied to particle-based hydrodynamical simulations such as smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The performance of GRAPE-1A is comparable to that of a supercomputer with a peak-speed of 500 Mflops for any type of the direct summation, the modified tree algorithm and SPH.

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