Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Apr 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..apro12009k&link_type=abstract
American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American As
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Scientific paper
The unitary basis of statistical physics and physical kinetics are suggested. A new approach to the problem of unitarization includes as follows. (1) The logical analysis of the works of the classics (Maxwell, Boltzmann, Gibbs, Planck, Bose, Einstein, Fermi) on the base of the concepts of discrete accidental quantity (the energy of the subsystem), statistical ensemble of identical systems, temperature. (2) The revision of a number of the generally accepted results, for example: the definitions of temperature and entropy; the gas law, the physical meaning of the Maxwell distribution; the Gibbs grand-canonical distribution, the Einstein coefficients, the Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac distribution functions. (3) The correct formulation of the master equation for a distribution function in the general case of the mutually dependent or mutually independent (competitive) elementary processes. The solution of the problem within the framework of this approach is given by the following theories. (i) The correct fundamental quantum-statistical theory of molecular normal (i.e. nonquantum) gas. (ii) The correct fundamental quantum-statistical theory of the physical subsystems with variable number of particles (body; electron, photon and molecular quantum (i.e. anomalous) gases). The principal conclusion is that any subsystem is described by the unique statistics the Gibbs statistics characterized, in the case of equilibrium, by the quantum canonical distribution. The distribution function has different forms determined by the energy spectrum (that is finite or infinite) of subsystems. The energy of the subsystem is counted off its least value. (A more detailed consideration is given in a dissertation [T.Z.Kalanov, “The correct quantum-statistical description of the ideal systems within the framework of the master equation”, Tashkent, 1993]).
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