X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy in Space

Details X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy in Space X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy in Space

Apr 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..apr.u7002s&link_type=abstract

American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American As

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Scientific paper

Extra-solar X-ray astronomy became a reality in 1962 after a successful rocket flight discovered an X-ray source in the constellation Scorpius. The X-ray "telescope" consisted of a roughly collimated Geiger counter. New sources were discovered by many groups in a rapid series of rocket flights that were characterized by finer angular and spectral measurements made with better mechanical collimators and proportional detectors. These discoveries led to the association of the newly discovered X-ray sources with objects already know in other wavelength bands. It was quickly understood that high precision measurements of angular position, spectral features and timing fluctuations were needed to make physical sense of the X-ray data and to put it into the context of the wealth of data obtained from other wavelength bands. These needs were met by a succession of major missions that began with UHURU (1970) and followed with the X-ray telescopes on EINSTEIN (1977), EXOSAT (1983), ROSAT (1990), GINGA (1987), ASCA (1993), CHANDRA (1999) and XMM.(1999). Each brought greater precision to measurements that allowed highly refined interpretations of the properties of x-ray sources. Several of the technical milestones that made these advances possible will be discussed.

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