Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Apr 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..apr.o7013b&link_type=abstract
American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American As
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Supernovae produce copious quantities of neutrinos of all flavors, detection of which would provide information about the last seconds of massive star’s life and about the neutrinos themselves. OMNIS, the Observatory for Multiflavor NeutrInos from Supernovae, will detect about 2000 events from such a stellar collapse at the center of our Galaxy. Detection will utilize two types of modules, one that uses liquid- or plastic-scintillator detectors, and another that uses lead perchlorate. The former will detect neutrons produced in the neutrino-lead interactions, and the latter will detect both neutrons and Cerenkov light produced in e-neutrino-lead interactions. Lead is especially sensitive to high-energy e-neutrinos. That feature, together with the oscillations that seem to be the solutions to recently observed solar and atmospheric neutrino data, will allow OMNIS to map out the energy distributions of the mu- and tau-neutrinos as they are emitted from the core of the collapsing star, mostly by detecting e-neutrinos. OMNIS could also measure neutrino masses (to around 30 eV) by observing arrival times of the different flavor neutrinos, and oscillations by observing the relative yields of OMNIS’ different event types. Finally, if the collapse went to a black hole, OMNIS (together with Super-K) might be able to measure neutrino masses to as low as 6 eV and, for a close supernova, the differences in the sizes of the neutrinospheres.
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