Understanding Hydrodynamics of High Energy Density Matter; Laboratory Experiments and Astrophysical Connections

Details Understanding Hydrodynamics of High Energy Density Matter; Laboratory Experiments and Astrophysical Connections Understanding Hydrodynamics of High Energy Density Matter; Laboratory Experiments and Astrophysical Connections

Apr 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..apr.k7002d&link_type=abstract

American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American As

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Scientific paper

The advent of high-energy-density facilities, able to heat cubic millimeters of material to millions of degrees, and of the required diagnostic methods, has enabled experiments to study the hydrodynamic behavior of high-energy-density matter. Matter under such conditions is highly compressible and is most often in the plasma state. Its hydrodynamics has been studied in experiments both in the U.S. and around the world. In addition to their fundamental interest, these experiments often can be relevant to nature's own high-energy-density laboratories, such as exploding stars. In this talk, I will provide an overview of the present accomplishments and current challenges of such research. I will discuss several topics. Firstly, such matter can have a complicated equation of state, until it becomes so hot as to become a fully ionized plasma. Understanding the equation of state is a fundamental and challenging problem, which is also of interest to giant planet formation. Secondly, hydrodynamic instabilities can play a major role in the dynamic evolution of high-energy-density systems. The most-studied process is the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, but other instabilities also matter in a variety of contexts. This has led to a large number of experimental studies, examining both linear and nonlinear behavior. These instabilities play an essential role in supernovae, supernova remnants, and other astrophysical systems. A current major research question is whether hydrodynamically unstable plasma systems produce turbulence like that seen in ordinary fluids, and if so what the implications of this are. Thirdly, complex hydrodynamic processes, such as the formation of jets or the interaction of shocks with clumps, have important astrophysical applications. Here again, a wide range of experiments have been or are being undertaken.

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