Abundances of Trans-Iron Elements in Solar Energetic Particle Events

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Acceleration Of Particles, Shock Waves, Sun: Abundances, Sun: Corona, Sun: Flares, Sun: Particle Emission

Scientific paper

We report the first comprehensive observation of the abundances of heavy elements of atomic number Z in the range 34<=Z<=82 in solar energetic particle (SEP) events as observed on the Wind spacecraft. In large gradual SEP events, abundances of the element groups 34<=Z<=40, 50<=Z<=56, and 70<=Z<=82, relative to Fe, are similar to corresponding coronal abundances within a factor of ~2 and vary little with time during the events. However, in sharp contrast, abundances of these ions from impulsive flares increase dramatically with Z so that abundances of Fe, 34<=Z<=40, and 50<=Z<=56, relative to O, are seen at ~10, ~100, and ~1000 times their coronal values, respectively.

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