Solar opacities constrained by solar neutrinos and solar oscillations

Details Solar opacities constrained by solar neutrinos and solar oscillations Solar opacities constrained by solar neutrinos and solar oscillations

Aug 1989

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1989stin...9011687c&link_type=abstract

Presented at the Inside the Sun International Conference, Versailles, France, 22-26 May 1989

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Equations Of State, Opacity, Photons, Solar Neutrinos, Solar Oscillations, Solar Temperature, Convection, Electron Scattering, Radiation Absorption, Sun

Scientific paper

This review discusses the current situation for opacities at the solar center, the solar surface, and for the few million kelvin temperatures that occur below the convection zone. The solar center conditions are important because they are crucial for the neutrino production, which continues to be predicted about 4 times that observed. The main extinction effects there are free-free photon absorption in the electric fields of the hydrogen, helium and the CNO atoms, free electron scattering of photons, and the bound-free and bound-bound absorption of photons by iron atoms with two electrons in the 1s bound level. An assumption that the iron is condensed-out below the convection zone, and the opacity in the central regions is thereby reduced, results in about a 25 percent reduction in the central opacity but only a 5 percent reduction at the base of the convection zone. Furthermore, the p-mode solar oscillations are changed with this assumption, and do not fit the observed ones as well as for standard models. A discussion of the large effective opacity reduction by weakly interacting massive particles also results in poor agreement with observed p-mode oscillation frequencies. The much larger opacities for the solar surface layers from the Los Alamos Astrophysical Opacity Library instead of the widely used Cox and Tabor values show small improvements in oscillation frequency predictions, but the largest effect is in the discussion of p-mode stability. Solar oscillation frequencies can serve as an opacity experiment for the temperatures and densities, respectively, of a few million kelvin and between 0.1 and 10 g/cu cm. Current oscillation frequency calculations indicate that possibly the Opacity Library values need an increase of typically 15 percent just at the bottom of the convection zone at 3 x 10(6) K.

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