Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Mar 1975
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1975esrv...11....1p&link_type=abstract
Earth Science Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 1, p. 1-46.
Mathematics
Logic
Scientific paper
The chemical composition of open oceanic waters is reasonably well known and its study has yielded insights into the geological, biological, hydrographic, and chemical processes which occur within the oceans. Less is known about the chemistry of the pore waters of submarine sediments and sediments—water interactions are being intensively studied at present. The control of the chemical composition of seawater can be studied from a geochemical point of view, in which the ocean is only one of several linked reservoirs, by traditional oceanographic methods which concentrate upon processes within and at the boundaries of the oceans, or by a physicochemical approach which deals with the extent and rate of chemical reactions. In the geochemical approach one is primarily concerned with the coupling of the continents, atmosphere, hydrosphere, submarine sediments, and metamorphic environments, with the chemical inputs into the oceans and the sedimentary removal processes, and with equilibrium versus steady state mechanisms for the control of the composition of seawater. Such studies are intimately related to work on reaction thermodynamics and kinetics, which are quite different in concentrated multi-electrolyte solutions such as seawater than in the dilute solutions usually examined by chemists. In classical chemical oceanography much of research is of a descriptive nature but efforts have been and are being made to obtain quantitative models that take into account concurrent hydrographic, biological, and boundary processes.
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