Gravitational Theory, Galaxy Rotation Curves and Cosmology without Dark Matter

Details Gravitational Theory, Galaxy Rotation Curves and Cosmology without Dark Matter Gravitational Theory, Galaxy Rotation Curves and Cosmology without Dark Matter

2004-12-08

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0412195v3

JCAP 0505 (2005) 003

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

33 pages, 20 figures, 1 table. Latex file. Additional text and references. Corrections. To be published in Journal of Cosmolog

Scientific paper

10.1088/1475-7516/2005/05/003

Einstein gravity coupled to a massive skew symmetric field F_{\mu\nu\lambda} leads to an acceleration law that modifies the Newtonian law of attraction between particles. We use a framework of non-perturbative renormalization group equations as well as observational input to characterize special renormalization group trajectories to allow for the running of the effective gravitational coupling G and the coupling of the skew field to matter. The latter lead to an increase of Newton's constant at large galactic and cosmological distances. For weak fields a fit to the flat rotation curves of galaxies is obtained in terms of the mass (mass-to-light ratio M/L) of galaxies. The fits assume that the galaxies are not dominated by exotic dark matter and that the effective gravitational constant G runs with distance scale. The equations of motion for test particles yield predictions for the solar system and the binary pulsar PSR 1913+16 that agree with the observations. The gravitational lensing of clusters of galaxies can be explained without exotic dark matter. An FLRW cosmological model with an effective G=G(t) running with time can lead to consistent fits to cosmological data without assuming the existence of exotic cold dark matter.

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