Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Sep 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981mmsai..52..487p&link_type=abstract
(NATO, Advanced Study Institute on Comparative Study of the Planets, Vulcano, Italy, Sept. 14-25, 1981.) Società Astronomica Ita
Mathematics
Logic
Impact Damage, Planetary Craters, Planetary Surfaces, Satellite Surfaces, Solar System, Finite Difference Theory, Mathematical Models, Meteorite Craters, Projectile Cratering, Shock Waves
Scientific paper
Studies of the characteristics and formation mechanisms of impact craters on solid bodies in the solar system are reviewed. Morphological observations on planets and satellites and structural investigations of terrestrial impact structures have led to a distinction between the smaller, bowl-shaped simple craters, generally characterized by high circularity and a smooth interior, and the larger, complex craters, marked by morphological elements including central peaks or inner rings. Experiments and numerical modelling have shown the formation of a bowl-shaped crater by the impact of a hypervelocity projectile to be divisible into a compression stage, in which a shock wave is driven forward into the target and rearward into the projectile and a transient cavity is formed, and an excavation stage, in which a large volume of shock-processed but decompressed target material is set into motion. Complex structures are believed to be formed by the modification of bowl-shaped transient craters in the late phase of transient cavity formation and subsequently to produce central peaks and uplift structures.
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