Sodium self diffusion in natural minerals

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Sodium self diffusion coefficients in the range 10 -9 -10 -11 cm 2 / sec have been measured in a group of natural sodium containing minerals. Sodium mobility is found to decrease in the order Analcite, Obsidian, Cryolite, Sodalite, Nepheline, Microcline, Albite, Orthoclase, Acmite. Temperature required to obtain mobility of the order of 10 -10 cm 2 / sec ranged from 260°C (analcite) to greater than 950° (acmite). Sodium mobility in the silicates is found to correlate surprisingly well with their valence electron density. This tentative empirical correlation may possibly fit a significant number of silicate species. However, it is already apparent that oddities in structure, for example the existence of sizeable channelways in the lattice, can be controlling in special cases. More generally it is reasonable to assume that silicates which are highly resistant to diffusion of sodium would also be resistant to diffusion of other species. A factor of merit is defined (valence electron density × fusing temperature)/10 which should increase with increasing diffusion resistance. Applied to minerals useful for potassium argon dating, the figure of merit predictions are found to be in agreement with the general findings of geochronologists. It is specifically recommended that this figure of merit should be useful in selecting likely minerals for further geochronological investigation.

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