Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010agufm.p54b..01s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010, abstract #P54B-01
Mathematics
Logic
[5734] Planetary Sciences: Fluid Planets / Magnetic Fields And Magnetism, [6218] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Jovian Satellites, [6220] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Jupiter, [6297] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Instruments And Techniques
Scientific paper
The Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM), a joint mission under study by NASA and ESA, has the overarching theme: The emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants. This mission would consist of two major flight elements, the NASA-led Jupiter Europa Orbiter (JEO) and the ESA-led Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO). The science which could be achieved by EJSM centers around three goals: (1) Explore Europa to investigate its habitability (JEO-focus); (2) Characterize Ganymede as a planetary object including its potential habitability (JGO-focus) and (3) Explore the Jupiter system as an archetype for gas giants (JEO + JGO). The last goal would be addressed primarily during the tour phase of the mission, lasting upwards of 2.5-years, whereby each spacecraft would perform multiple, Galilean satellite fly-bys and make measurements of Jupiter and the Jupiter system. The EJSM Jupiter baseline tour would provide abundant opportunities to perform coordinated Jupiter system science, including fields and particles/magnetometer observations; Jupiter atmosphere monitoring; Io monitoring; spacecraft-to-spacecraft radio occultations of various targets; Galilean satellite flybys; and distant observations of the Galilean moons, small moons, and rings. In realm of understanding the Jovian environment, fields and particles/magnetometer measurements could be carried out nearly continuously, providing unique multipoint measurements of the time-dependent three-dimensional structure of the magnetosphere. In terms of understanding the structure and dynamics of the Jupiter atmosphere, it would be possible to perform coordinated, long-duration (20+ hours), observations over regular periods to monitor weather and understand the behavior of individual storm systems. In a similar manner, regular monitoring of volcanic activity at Io would make it possible to assess the variability in levels of volcanic activity, characterize plume structure, and aid in determining heat flow and transport. Unique spacecraft-to-spacecraft radio occultation experiments would provide a breakthrough technique for studying Jupiter’s atmosphere and tenuous rings. Imaging of the Galilean satellites, with emphasis on Callisto (JGO) and Io (JEO) during multiple fly-bys would complete and augment (through different viewing geometries and capabilities) surveys begun by the Voyager and Galileo spacecraft. The operation of two spacecraft in the Jupiter system would provide unique opportunities to address high-priority science outlined by the NASA Decadal Survey and the ESA Cosmic Vision for outer planets exploration. Science achieved by EJSM would provide context and a comparative planetological basis for the investigations that would take place when JEO and JGO are in orbit around Europa and Ganymede, respectively. Taken in its entirety, the EJSM mission concept provides a powerful approach to understanding the emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants.
Bunce Emma J.
Dougherty K. M. K. M.
Grasset Olivier
Greeley Ronald
Lebreton Jeremy
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