A multilevel model for astronomical SiO masers

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Electron Transitions, Gas Masers, Molecular Energy Levels, Population Inversion, Silicon Oxides, Interstellar Masers, Lasing, Line Spectra, Maser Outputs, Molecular Rotation, Pumping

Scientific paper

General characteristics of the emission from an arbitrary number of coupled maser levels, with the structure of the SiO molecule, are assessed by adopting an idealized model. Analytic solutions in closed form are obtained in the limit in which all the maser lines are strongly saturated. The results show that, instead of merely shuffling the radiation among the various transitions, the power emitted in each of the maser lines is actually higher than in the case of a set of uncoupled two-level systems, and is increasing with the overall number of inverted transitions. For a sufficiently large number of maser lines, the total number of maser photons emitted may even exceed the overall pump rate into the maser system. The question of how many SiO rotational transitions are actually masing thus becomes one of great importance for theoretical pumping schemes.

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