Argo and Other Tidal Structures around the Milky Way

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Galaxies: Interactions, Galaxy: Disk, Galaxy: Structure

Scientific paper

A sample of 2MASS M giants is used to search for overdensities that may be associated with substructure in the Galactic halo at low latitudes. Under the hypothesis that stellar populations in the outer Milky Way should be more or less symmetrically distributed, two methods were used to identify asymmetries in the (l, b) distribution of 2MASS M giants that may be the signature of stellar overdensities: (1) direct symmetry checking in fields reflected across various hypothesized Galactic symmetric great circles; (2) and extraction of a symmetric Galactic model for the M giant distribution from the observed distribution. While we are able to confirm various previously reported features of the Monoceros tidal stream, a major finding of our work is that the apparent core of the Monoceros system is not in Canis Major, as other surveys have suggested, but more likely at larger l, in the region of the ancient constellation Argo (present-day Puppis, Vela, and Carina). In addition to the large Monoceros system, we identify several other more tenuous overdensities of M giants, primarily at larger distances. Some of these correspond to previously found systems in Triangulum-Andromeda and Perseus, while the nature of others of lesser significance remains uncertain or can be attributed to foreground asymmetries of contaminating M dwarf stars.

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