Other
Scientific paper
Mar 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006sunge...1a..12g&link_type=abstract
Sun and Geosphere, vol.1, no. 1, p. 12-16
Other
4
Scientific paper
While in general the changes in surface air temperature follow the changes in solar activity proving the solar influences on climate, in the last few decades solar activity has remained more or less constant while temperature has continued increasing which is a strong argument in favor of anthropogenic influences on climate. In the same period the correlation between solar and geomagnetic activity has decreased, both in the 11-year cycle and on secular time scale. The solar activity index commonly used for long-term studies is the sunspot number as it has the longest data record. But sunspots reflect only the solar activity originating from closed magnetic field regions. The regions of open magnetic field - coronal holes, sources of high speed solar wind and drivers of recurrent geomagnetic activity, are not accounted for in the sunspot index. It appears that in the last decades the impact of coronal holes has increased which can be explained by the increasing tilt of the heliospheric current sheet. This increased tilt means that the Earth encounters two high speed streams from coronal holes per solar rotation and higher geomagnetic activity. On the other hand, the tilt of the heliospheric current sheet is related to the galactic cosmic rays modulation, and galactic cosmic rays are considered key agents mediating solar activity influences on terrestrial temperature. Therefore, using the sunspot number alone as a measure of solar activity leads to the underestimation of the role of solar activity for the global warming in the recent decades.
Georgieva Katya
Kirov B. B.
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