The Effect of Corotation Resonances on Planetary Formation

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Scientific paper

Gas drag in the primitive Solar System made planetesimals spiral sunward. In the presence of a proto-Jupiter, this general trend could be stopped by trappings in mean motion resonances with the planet. This proto-Jupiter must be massive enough so that density waves in the disk do not weaken the trapping potential (Hahn et al, 1995, Icarus 117, 25). These resonances may be either a libration-type resonance or a corotation-type resonance (Beauge and Ferraz-Mello, 1993, Icarus 103, 301). This last one seems to have had a greater influence in Solar System formation. In this case, two planetesimals with the same mass, after being captured in the same corotation resonance, approach one another according to an exponential law. In other words, they come closer fast at first and slowly when they are close enough. This may be an indicator that accretion may have taken place in the corotation points more efficiently than anywhere else. We did several numerical integrations of the complete equations of motion, in the gravitational field of the Sun and a proto-Jupiter, taking into account increasing number of planetesimals and also considering their masses, which is important when the planetesimals are close enough. We also considered three different gas drag regimes and the same phenomenon was observed. There are however other factors that may disfavor accretion, like the collision of non-captured or libration-captured planetesimals with corotation captured planetesimals. This collision usually takes place with high velocities making accretion difficult. Anyway, our first results seem to indicate that the corotation regions must have worked as 'planetesimals factories' in the sense that they favor a faster accretion than would otherwise be explained by conventional theories that do not include a dynamical analysis.

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