The Universe: Past and present reflections

Details The Universe: Past and present reflections The Universe: Past and present reflections

May 1981

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981stin...8213032h&link_type=abstract

Unknown

Mathematics

Logic

Big Bang Cosmology, Chronology, Evolution (Development), Universe, Biological Evolution, Etiology, Molecular Biology, Probability Theory, Time

Scientific paper

The age of the universe is considered. The big bang theory is attacked on the grounds that it does not allow enough time for life to develop. The chance of a random shuffling of amino acids producing a workable set of enzymes is estimated at less than 10 to the minus 40.000th power. The big bang theory postulates 10 billion years as the age of the universe. The initial stages would have been unsuitable for the generation of life because of the harmful radiation present. The biochemical structure of enzymes has changed little during the past 4 billion years. The time remaining is too short, so the Universe must be older than 10 billion years. Moreover, since the Universe is defined as 'everything' it is illogical to limit it in time. Time is part of the Universe, not one of its limiting characteristics.

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