North Polar Clouds And Dust Storms In Spring And Summer

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Using Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Daily Global Maps (MDGM) for Mars year 24 - 27, I have studied the spatial and temporal distributions of north polar (45°N - 90°N) clouds and dust storms. Clouds and dust storms generally follow the edge of the polar cap. In late northern summer (Ls 150° - 185°), many events involve both clouds and dust storms. They are usually large events which appear to result in the formation of the polar hood. Events with mixed composition are also observed in early / mid spring (Ls 0° - 40°) at the edge of the retreating polar cap, though the spring time polar hood is mainly composed of clouds. Late spring (Ls 60° - 90°) is dominated by dust storms, and mid summer (Ls 120° - 150°) is dominated by clouds. Early summer (Ls 90° - 120°) is the clearest periods. The dates could vary by up to 10° of Ls from year to year. TES also shows that there is a period in early/mid summer when both dust and water ice opacities are suppressed. However, the time period when this occurs is shifted a bit later than that from MDGM results. While there are clouds and dust storms all around the polar cap, the 0° - 90°W quadrant is apparently more densely populated. In late summer, the fractional coverage of dust event and cloud event are similar, and both are close to the total fractional coverage. The total fractional coverage is small from early to mid spring. This research project is supported by the NASA Mars Data Analysis Program.

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