Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2004-07-20
Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.101:9545-9550,2004
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
17 pages, LaTeX file
Scientific paper
10.1073/pnas.0402717101
A new final state of gravitational collapse is proposed. By extending the concept of Bose-Einstein condensation to gravitational systems, a cold, dark, compact object with an interior de Sitter condensate $p_{_V} = -\rho_{_V}$ and an exterior Schwarzschild geometry of arbitrary total mass $M$ is constructed. These are separated by a shell with a small but finite proper thickness $\ell$ of fluid with equation of state $p=+\rho$, replacing both the Schwarzschild and de Sitter classical horizons. The new solution has no singularities, no event horizons, and a global time. Its entropy is maximized under small fluctuations and is given by the standard hydrodynamic entropy of the thin shell, which is of order $k_{_B}\ell Mc/\hbar$, instead of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula, $S_{_{BH}}= 4\pi k_{_B} G M^2/\hbar c$. Hence unlike black holes, the new solution is thermodynamically stable and has no information paradox.
Mazur Pawel O.
Mottola Emil
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