Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Dec 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977natur.270..701h&link_type=abstract
Nature, vol. 270, Dec. 22-29, 1977, p. 701-703.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
20
Astrophysics, Carbon Compounds, Infrared Astronomy, Polysaccharides, Stellar Atmospheres, Carbon Stars, Graphite, Mass Flow, Milky Way Galaxy, Photosphere, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Models
Scientific paper
The traditional model for the formation of carbonaceous material in stars (emergence of graphite where the C/O ratio exceeds unity) is said to apply only under conditions of mass flow from carbon stars with low surface temperatures (under 4000 K). Under conditions of higher temperatures with low density flow, or for oscillatory stars with temperatures above 4000 K for part of their cycles, another mechanism is seen to apply: the condensation of polysaccharides. Radiation emitted from the latter type stars is absorbed and re-emitted, shielding the underlying star and producing, effectively, a photosphere at a radial distance of approx. 10 to the 14 cm, and with a temperature range of 5000-10,000 K. Further out, radiation from this photosphere is in its turn absorbed and re-emitted in the infrared. The temperature thereby calculated is correct for polysaccharide formation (850 K). Questions relating to incomplete consumption of C, and the non-formation of graphite, are answered by equations demonstrating repeated fragmentation of polymer chains, breaking the C-O-C linkage, and forming still more polymers in a mechanism analogous to nuclear fission.
Hoyle Fiona
Wickramasinghe Chandra N.
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