Characterization of low-mass pre-main sequence stars in the Southern Cross

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Stars: Pre-Main Sequence, Stars: Low Mass, Brown Dwarfs, Stars: Binaries: General, X-Rays: Stars

Scientific paper

We report high-resolution spectroscopic observations, as well as high-resolution near infrared (IR) imaging of six stars previously identified in a ROSAT pointed observation in the direction of the B-type star beta Cru, and classified as low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. Four of the stars are confirmed to be low-mass PMS stars, associated with the Lower Centaurus-Crux group, while the other two are unrelated to the Sco-Cen association. The confirmed PMS stars are most likely in their post-T Tauri evolutionary phase. Although future deep X-ray observations with high-resolution imagers might detect more new PMS stars, the possibility that the Crux PMS stars are part of a small aggregate, with beta Crux itself approximately at the center, is rather unlikely, given the high velocity dispersion and the low spatial density of the confirmed PMS stars. Instead, these stars may be part of a moving group in a more disperse and numerous population of low-mass PMS stars, distributed in the Lower Centaurus-Crux subgroup. New PMS binaries and multiple systems were also discovered among the stars in the sample, namely a close visual pair and a hierarchical triple system in which one of the components is a double-lined spectroscopic binary (SB2). The detailed orbital solution is reported for the inner short-period (P_orb = 58.3 days) SB2. A preliminary orbital solution for the hierarchical triple system yields a systemic orbital period of about 4.6 years, which makes this object a very suitable target for follow-up observations with the Very-Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in the coming years. Based on observations carried out at the European Southern Observatory, La Silla, Chile under proposals numbers 62.I-0368 and 63.I-0045, 65.I-0089 and the Swiss Euler telescope at ESO, La Silla.

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