Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Sep 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990apj...360..702e&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 360, Sept. 10, 1990, p. 702-714.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
108
Cosmic Rays, Particle Acceleration, Relativistic Effects, Shock Waves, Active Galactic Nuclei, Monte Carlo Method, Particle Energy, Pulsars, Stellar Winds
Scientific paper
Monte Carlo calculations of test particle spectra and acceleration times are presented from first-order Fermi particle acceleration for parallel shocks with arbitrary flow velocities and compression ratios r up to seven, shock velocities u1 up to 0.98c, and injection energies ranging from thermal to highly superthermal. Far above the injection energy, the spectra are well-approximated by a power law and the spectra are always harder than for nonrelativistic shocks. Approximate analytic expression are given for the spectral slope as a function of u1 and r. The acceleration time as a function of particle energy is less than for nonrelativistic shocks by a factor that increases with u1 and is about three for u1 = 0.98c. It is confirmed that the spectrum for pitch-angle diffusion is considerably steeper than for large-angle scattering for the same shock parameters.
Ellison Donald C.
Jones Frank C.
Reynolds Stephen P.
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