Studies of smectite membrane behavior: Importance of layer thickness and fabric in experiments at 20°C

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The 0.5-2.0 μm diameter size fraction of the Cheto clay from Chambers, Arizona, was sedimented to form 0.5-2.0 cm-thick cakes, either with a relatively random or a relatively well-oriented fabric as defined by the criterion of MEADE (1961). The cakes were compacted under a confining pressure of 34.7 MPa (5000 psi) and a solution 0.79 m in NaCI and 0.079 m in CaCl2 was forced through at 20°C by a fluid pressure differential of either 6.94 MPa (1000 psi) or 13.0 MPa (2000 psi). The filtration efficiencies of the cakes with oriented fabric are roughly twice as great as those of the others, reaching 50-68%. Ca2+ passed through the cake preferentially, relative to Na+ in three of four experimental runs. Cake thickness, over the fourfold range studied, has no significant effect upon filtration efficiency. The stable oxygen isotopic fractionation for brine water passing through a cake with relatively well-oriented fabric is -0.96%..

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