Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jun 2000
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000aipc..522..237m&link_type=abstract
COSMIC EXPLOSIONS: Tenth Astrophysics Conference. AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 522, pp. 237-240 (2000).
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Late Stages Of Stellar Evolution, Stellar Structure, Interiors, Evolution, Nucleosynthesis, Ages, Gamma-Ray Sources, Gamma-Ray Bursts
Scientific paper
The fate of massive (Mms>~25 Msolar) rotating stars for which the Type-II supernova mechanism fails to launch a strong explosion is studied by means of 1D and 2D hydrodynamical simulations. In the extreme case (Mms>~35 Msolar) a collapsar-a rapidly accreting (Ṁ~0.1 Msolar s-1) stellar mass black hole at the center of a collapsing star-forms promptly. Here we study the alternative case of weak to moderately energetic supernova explosions in rotating stars. For explosion energies (at infinity) in the range 0.2-1.7×1051 erg, part of the exploding stellar mantle (0.1-5 Msolar) fails to reach terminal escape velocity and accretes onto the central compact object. Accretion rates of 10-2-10-6 Msolar s-1 result over time scales of 100-100,000 s. Since the accreting gas has sufficient angular momentum to form an accretion disk around the central black hole, a jet engine similar to currently favored GRB engine models forms within an extended stellar envelope. 2D modeling demonstrates the propagation of the ensuing jet-driven explosion through the stellar envelope. The resulting asymmetric explosions have isotropic equivalent energies (4πdE/dΩ) at break out ranging from 1054 ergs at the pole to 1051 ergs near the equator. ``Cold'' jets with less internal pressure than the exploding star through which it propagates can be compressed by the star and become extremely well focussed to less than 0.1% of the sky. Were the stars stripped of their envelopes by mass loss due to a wind or accretion onto a companion, they would be capable of producing long, t~1000 s, GRBs. .
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