Observations of Mesospheric and Lower Thermospheric Turbulence and Instability Layers With a Chemical Release and Lidar Measurements

Computer Science – Sound

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2437 Ionospheric Dynamics, 3332 Mesospheric Dynamics, 3369 Thermospheric Dynamics (0358), 3379 Turbulence, 3384 Waves And Tides

Scientific paper

On October 26, 2000, sounding rocket measurements of turbulence and instability layer properties in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere were made at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. The launch site is located close to the Starfire Optical Range which provided high-resolution sodium density, temperature, and wind measurements in support of the launch. The rocket deployed two trimethyl aluminum (TMA) chemical release trails within 100 to 150 km of the lidar facility. In addition to providing detailed wind profile measurements, the trails also provide direct visible evidence of turbulence and instability structure in the altitude range covered by the releases. The simultaneous rocket and lidar observations thus provide a unique combination of measurements of turbulence and instability layer characteristics in the region of interest. The data show the occurrence of a narrow unstable shear layer between 90 and 95 km in the lidar data. The chemical release shows evidence of billow type structure at the same altitude where the unstable shear occurs. In addition, the chemical release wind measurements in the 100 to 105 km altitude range show the presence of a large unstable shear. The time series of the lidar sodium density measurements which includes the time when the rocket measurements were made show that a large upward excursion with enhanced densities occurred at the time that the unstable shear was observed.

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