The influence of galaxy interactions on stellar bars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Barred Galaxies, Interacting Galaxies, Many Body Problem, Galactic Evolution, Halos, Orbital Mechanics, Star Formation

Scientific paper

Stellar disks can be unstable to bar formation. In this paper N-body simulations are used to find the influence of galaxy interactions on this stability. It is shown that the passage of a companion speeds up the bar formation. In one example, it triggered the instability in one passage (500 Myr or less) in a disk which, in a simulation without a companion, did not develop a bar for over 1.2 Gyr. Retrograde encounters may have a lesser dynamical effect depending on the ratio of halo to disk mass. A direct tidal interaction also transiently enhances or decreases the strength of a bar already present in a stellar disk, depending on the relative phase of the bar and the companion at pericenter. This is accompanied by an increase or decrease of the bar angular velocity. The companion can thus induce or move inner Lindblad resonances in the disk. A companion in a vertical orbit produces warps and can thicken significantly the stellar disk, as well as trigger bar or spiral instabilities.

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