Does Ω < 1 imply that the universe will expand forever?

Details Does Ω < 1 imply that the universe will expand forever? Does Ω < 1 imply that the universe will expand forever?

Apr 1987

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987gregr..19..325f&link_type=abstract

General Relativity and Gravitation, Volume 19, Issue 4, pp.325-329

Mathematics

Logic

2

Cosmology:Hubble Expansion, Hubble Expansion:Cosmology, Mass Density:Universe, Universe:Mass Density

Scientific paper

The issue of whether the present observational evidence that the mean mass density of the universe is less than the critical density (i.e., μ<1) implies an infinite future expansion of the universe is discussed. Although in conventional cosmological scenarios μ<1 necessarily leads to a universe that will grow infinitely old, this conclusion can be avoided in ways which are reasonably natural. One of these is to assume the existence of a small negative cosmological constant. Another way is to postulate the existence of unstable fields with a long time scale for the onset of the instability. An example is a scalar field with a negative squared mass and ¦m¦≲10-32eV. Other examples include fields for which the instability is generated by quantum corrections in curved space-time. All of these are capable of halting the expansion of an open universe and forcing it to recollapse into a “big crunch.”

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