On the Holmberg asymmetry of the satellites of disk galaxies

Details On the Holmberg asymmetry of the satellites of disk galaxies On the Holmberg asymmetry of the satellites of disk galaxies

Apr 1987

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987aj.....93..811b&link_type=abstract

Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256), vol. 93, April 1987, p. 811-815. NSF-supported research.

Other

7

Asymmetry, Disk Galaxies, Galactic Clusters, Galactic Structure, Tides, Andromeda Galaxy, Compact Galaxies, Galactic Evolution, Satellites, Spiral Galaxies

Scientific paper

The authors consider a tidal explanation for the observation by Holmberg that the satellites of edge-on disk galaxies tend to avoid the sector within ±30° of the major axes of the disk galaxies. It has been previously demonstrated by Keenan, Innanen, and others that local tidal forces near the plane of a disk galaxy can strongly modify the appearance of a satellite galaxy. The authors show that satellites with small orbit-to-disk inclinations are likely to become compact and consequently be left out in Holmberg's survey due to their resemblance to stars. The explanation is supported by the observation of an excess of compact galaxies near the major-axis direction of edge-on disk galaxies. The disk tidal explanation also predicts that the asymmetry should be weaker with larger satellites. Indeed, the authors find that the Karachentsev binary galaxy sample, where the typical companion is comparable to the primary galaxy, shows no Holmberg effect. The case of M32 as a compact satellite of the Andromeda galaxy is discussed as a nearby observationally supported example of the above processes.

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