Mars observations in 1984 and 1986 - Appearance of the first stages of the polar HOOD and formation of the winter HOOD

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Mars Atmosphere, Mars Photographs, Mars Surface, Polar Caps, Clouds (Meteorology), Deserts, Water Vapor, Winter

Scientific paper

Photographic images of the 1984 Mars apparition, obtained with the 49 cm Observatoire de la Research Planetaire telescope in Tokyo and with the Meudon and Pic-du-Midi telescopes, are discussed which show the evolution of cloud formations. Following the boreal summer solstice in the beginning of 1984, white clouds were noted in the 10-100 deg longitude region. Data suggest a subsequent north-to-south migration of water vapor between the winter solstice and the southern spring equinox, forming the south polar hood. It is suggested that the actual south polar cap is then formed from frozen material deposited on the soil under this opaque haze. Progressive dissipation of clouds occurs towards the southern spring equinox. Precursor clouds of the south polar hood form above the Hellas, Argyre, and Phaethontis regions.

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