The outer layers of cool, non-Mira carbon stars

Details The outer layers of cool, non-Mira carbon stars The outer layers of cool, non-Mira carbon stars

Sep 1991

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991a%26a...249..455j&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361), vol. 249, no. 2, Sept. 1991, p. 455-464. Research supported by State University of

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

10

Carbon Stars, Cool Stars, Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Stellar Atmospheres, Red Giant Stars, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Models

Scientific paper

The outer layers and near circumstellar envelope (CSE) of a typical carbon star have been studied using available data from theoretical and empirical models. An attempt is made to match the density-velocity structure of the photosphere-chromosphere region to values from the radio CO observations, which arise from the outer CSE. It is concluded that the stellar atmosphere includes a relatively thin high-temperature region close to hydrostatic equilibrium and a much more extended cooler region of outflowing gas and dust. To extend the outer photosphere and chromosphere to match the mass loss density appears to require an injection of energy and momentum by some mechanism rather close to the stellar surface.

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