Sympathetic Breakout Coronal Mass Ejections

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Scientific paper

Several instances of multiple, apparently coordinated solar eruptive events have been reported, in which the close temporal association of the eruptions suggests a possible causal link between them. Variously called "global" or "sympathetic" coronal mass ejections (CMEs), the low-coronal structures where the eruptions originate in some cases neighbor each other, while in others they are more remote with no obvious magnetic connections joining them.In the breakout model for CMEs, eruption occurs due to the onset of reconnection across a coronal magnetic null shared by multiple flux systems. The resultant reconfiguration of the field overlying the participating structures loosens the restraining forces on one or more of them, initiating the accelerating outward expansion that becomes the CME. In a simple three-arcade quadrupolar geometry, an eruption in either side lobe depletes the overlying fields of both side lobes as they reconnect with each other. This raises the possibility of either an immediate or prompt second CME in the far side lobe; the two cases are distinguished according to whether the second CME precedes or follows the reconnection of a significant amount of its restraining flux. In the aftermath of a solitary eruption in either side lobe, flare reconnection closes the opened field and reforms the lobe, eventually also depleting the middle lobe of its own overlying field. This process can produce a delayed second CME in the middle lobe of the configuration.We are concluding an analysis of the magnetic free energies available to power these scenarios - immediate, prompt, and delayed - for sympathetic CMEs in simple breakout geometries. The results will be presented. We also are beginning a simulation study of susceptible configurations to verify and understand the dynamics of sympathetic eruptive events. Our progress will be reported.This research was supported by NASA and ONR.

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