Rates and mechanisms of chemical weathering of ferromagnesium silicate minerals on Mars

Computer Science

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Mars Surface, Silicates, Planetary Composition, Ferromagnetic Materials, Oxidation, Weathering, Chemical Reactions, Mars Environment

Scientific paper

Ferric-bearing asemblages on Mars indicate that oxidative weathering of surface basalts has occurred during planetary evolution. In aqueous environments chemical weathering proceeded through stages of dissolution of Fe(2+)-bearing silicate and sulfide minerals, oxidation of dissolved Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) ions, and hydrolysis of dissolved Fe(3+) to insoluble ferric-bearing oxide, oxyhydride, and hydroxysulfate phases. Experimental data for terrestrial olivines and pyroxenes with compositions resembling assemblages in SNC meteorites are reviewed in order to determine when these ferrolysis reactions occurred on Mars and to estimate rates of chemical weathering of minerals in Martian surface rocks. Since low temperatures currently exist on Mars, dissolution rates of basaltic minerals are probably stoichiometric and extremely slow on the present-day Martian surface, but may have been much faster in the past, especially if acidic ground water and a more temperate climate prevailed.

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