Optical issues for giant telescopes with extremely fast primary mirrors

Computer Science

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Existing design rules break down as we plan for a new generation of giant optical telescopes of 20, 30, 50, even 100 meters in diameter. One might expect these telescopes to converge on the design universally ac-cepted for similarly sized radio telescopes, with their highly aspheric, ~ f/0.4, primary dish. But most of the optical design concepts now under consideration have favored spherical or relatively slow paraboloidal surfaces, leading to a much larger telescope, more subject to wind buffeting, and requiring gargantuan en-closures for protection. This paper explores issues and limitations for building and operating telescopes as the primary focal ratio is reduced to a value as small as f/0.4. Such compactness will be particularly impor-tant for mechanical stability, cost control and for large telescopes that must move continuously on a track, as in the 20/20 concept. We find that fabrication and alignment methods for telescopes using numerous small (1-m class) segments are driven to long focal ratios, while those using few large, actively controlled segments can be made as fast as f/0.5.

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