Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993jgr....9823553m&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 98, no. E12, p. 23,553-23,579
Mathematics
Logic
63
Geological Faults, Lithosphere, Mars Volcanoes, Mathematical Models, Plates (Tectonics), Topography, Failure Analysis, Finite Element Method, Magma, Stresses, Time Dependence, Viscoelasticity
Scientific paper
The formation of a large volcano loads the underlying lithospheric plate and can lead to lithospheric flexure and faulting. In turn, lithospheric deformation affects the stress field beneath and within the volcanic edifice and can influence magma transport. Modeling the interaction of these processes is crucial to an understanding of the history of eruption characteristics and tectonic deformation of large volcanoes. We develop models of time-dependent stress and deformation for the Tharsis volcanoes on Mars. By means of a finite element code, we calculate stresses and displacements due to a volcano-shaped load emplaced on an elastic plate overlying a viscoelastic mantle. Models variously incorporate growth of the volcanic load with time and a detachment between volcano and lithosphere. The models illustrate the manner in which time-dependent stresses induced by lithospheric plate flexure beneath the volcanic load may affect eruption histories, and the derived stress fields can be related to tectonic features on and surrounding Martian volcanoes. As a result of flexure there are three regions where stresses become sufficiently large to cause failure by faulting, according to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion: at the surface of the plate just outward of the volcano, near the base of the elastic lithosphere beneath the center of the volcano, and on the upper flanks of the volcano early in its growth history.
McGovern Patrick J.
Solomon Sean C.
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