A two-stage magnetic refrigerator for astronomical applications with reservoir temperatures above 4 K

Details A two-stage magnetic refrigerator for astronomical applications with reservoir temperatures above 4 K A two-stage magnetic refrigerator for astronomical applications with reservoir temperatures above 4 K

Feb 1993

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993stin...9321815h&link_type=abstract

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Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Bolometers, Cooling Systems, Cryogenic Equipment, Magnetic Cooling, Refrigerators, Satellite-Borne Instruments, Demagnetization, Gadolinium-Gallium Garnet, Infrared Detectors, Space Infrared Telescope Facility, Superconducting Magnets, X Ray Detectors

Scientific paper

We propose a novel adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) to produce temperatures as low as 100 mK starting from a high temperature reservoir between 4 and 8 K. The high temperature reservoir for the ADR can be provided by a mechanical cooler or an unpumped liquid helium bath. This refrigerator can be used to cool bolometric infrared detectors for low background astronomy from mountain tops, balloons or satellites as well as to cool cryogenic x-ray detectors. The two-stage ADR consists of a single magnet with a paramagnetic chromic-cesium-alum (CCA) salt pill to produce the low temperature and paramagnetic gadolinium-gallium-garnet (GGG) as the first stage to intercept heat from the high temperature reservoir. Thermal contact between the paramagnets and the reservoir during magnetization is made with a mechanical heat switch. The ADR is suspended with Kevlar chords under tension for high mechanical stiffness and low parasitic heat leak. In a single cycle, the ADR maintains a temperature of 100 mK for 10 to 100 hours. This time depends strongly on the magnetic field and reservoir temperature but not on the volume of the paramagnetic material as long as the heat leak is dominated by the suspension.

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