Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jan 1999
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999nvm..confq..34k&link_type=abstract
Workshop on New Views of the Moon 2: Understanding the Moon Through the Integration of Diverse Datasets, p. 34
Mathematics
Logic
Angular Momentum, Basalt, Lunar Craters, Lunar Maria, Tectonics, Selenology, Lunar Rocks, Clementine Spacecraft, Kreep, Planetary Waves, Lunar Far Side
Scientific paper
Successful applications of planetary wave tectonics for predicting the shapes of small celestial bodies (asteroids, satellites), Phobos' rippling, the dumbbell shape of martian spheres, and fractionated martian crust, allow us to extend this method to lunar tectonics and related it to the chemistry of the enigmatic South Pole Aitken Basin. The accepted origin by many (but not all) planetologists is an impact hypothesis of the SPA basin; we alternatively, consider it as a part of a global lunar sectoral structure centered in the Mare Orientale. Sectoral structures of celestial bodies are a result of interference of standing inertia-gravity waves proceeding in four directions (ortho- and diagonal). These warping planetary waves arise in them as a result of their movements in elliptical orbits with periodically changing curvatures and cosmic accelerations. Fundamental waves of long 2-pi-R (R = body radius) produce tectonic dichotomy; waves of long pi-R (the first obertone) produce sectoring; and smaller waves length of which is proportional to orbital periods produce tectonic granulation. Segments, sectors, and granulas. of differing radius-vectors (risen + and fallen - tectonic domains) tend to equalize their angular momenta by density of infilling matter. That is why oceanic and mare basins normally are filled with denser material (basalts) than lighter highlands. On Earth one observes six antipodal centers of pi-R-structures (three pairs: (1) Equatorial Atlantic; (2) New Guinea; (3) The Pamirs-Hindukush; (4) Easter Island; (5) Bering Strait; and (6) Bouvet Island.) that regularly converge by common algorithm fallen normally oceanic and risen normally continental blocks. Around the Pamirs-Hindukush center, for example, are placed two differently risen sectors (African + +, Asian +) separated by 2 differently subsided ones (Eurasian -, Indoceanic - -). The six centers form vertices of an octahedron inscribed in the terrestrial sphere. The first antipodal pair lies in the equatorial zone, the second in tropics, and the third in the polar ring zones stressing profound connection between cosmic position of a body and its internal structure. On the Moon we now know four antipodal centers of pi-R-structures: (1) Mare Orientale; (2) Joliot-Maxwell-Giordano Bruno area; (3) Daedalus-Heaviside; and (4) Ptolemaeus-Flammarion. Around the Mare Orientale, like on Earth, are two opposite differently subsided sectors (Procellarum Ocean -, SPA basin --) separated by two differently uplifted ones (+ +, +), one of which (+ +) is the highest lunar highland region. Observing the angular momentum preservation law, the highest sector is composed of anorthosites, and even of the less dense Na-rich varieties of this rock. The deepest SPA basin sector with an abrupt northern boundary separating it from the highest sector (like the Indoceanic sector contacts with the highest African one) must be filled with denser rocks than the shallower Procellarum ocean sector filled-with basalts and Ti basalts. The Clementine spectral data show a presence of orthopyroxene and an absence of plagioclase, favoring some dense ultrabasic rock. The obvious tendency to approach this type of rock would be to observe it in the Luna 24 samples from also very deep Mare Crisium. In fragments there prevail pyroxene and VLT-ferrobasalts (Mg-poor). Unusual melt matrix breccia with globules and crystals of Fe metal were also found. In SPA basin fill some admixture of Fe metal and troilite could be also predicted. With this rock in mind we can construct a ladder of ascending UB-basic rock densities against descending topography: KREEP basalts, low-Ti basalts, high-Ti basalts, VLT-Mg-poor ferrobasalts, and pyroxene (with metal) rich rocks. On Earth, the density of basalt floods (their Fe/Mg ratio) also increases in the same direction. The lunar and terrestrial sectoral structures as well as tectonic dichotomies were formed in the very beginning of their geological histories.
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