On the distinction between electrostatic ion cyclotron waves and ion cyclotron harmonic waves

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Earth Ionosphere, Electrostatic Waves, Harmonic Radiation, Ion Cyclotron Radiation, Propagation Modes, Wave Propagation, Cyclotron Frequency, Energetic Particles, Explorer 12 Satellite, Ion Beams, Ion Distribution, Magnetic Fields, Phase Coherence

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Two distinctly different plasma wave modes with structure related to the ion cyclotron frequency have been detected by instruments onboard the S3-3 satellite. The harmonic frequency structure with respect to the ion cyclotron frequency is different for each mode and the two modes exhibit different values of phase coherence. One referred to as the electrostatic ion cyclotron wave has already been discussed extensively in the literature. The other, the ion cyclotron harmonic mode, is discussed in detail here for the first time. This mode has been produced in the laboratory by a perpendicular ion beam and in fact is found to correlate with energetic ion distributions peaked near 90 degrees (ion conics) in the S3-3 data set. The observations are compared favorably to a theory for electrostatic waves with wave vector nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field, in the presence of a perpendicular ion beam.

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