A New X-Ray--discovered Cluster of Galaxies Associated with CL 0016+16

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Cosmology: Observations, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure Of Universe

Scientific paper

We have discovered a new cluster of galaxies, RX J0018.3+1618, in a deep ROSAT PSPC pointing toward the distant cluster CL 0016+16. The mean radial velocities of the new cluster (z = 0.5506) and CL 0016+16 (z = 0.5455) differ by 1000 +/- 390 km s-1, which is comparable to their internal velocity dispersions. The angular separation of the clusters, 9.'5, corresponds to a projected linear distance of 4.2 Mpc. RX J0018.3+1618 has an X-ray luminosity in the 0.2--2 keV band of 1.3 x 1044 ergs s-1, which is about 10% of the luminosity of CL 0016+16. From the redshifts of seven galaxies in the new cluster, we derive a radial velocity dispersion of 540^{+260}_{-120} km s-1, which establishes RX J0018.3+1618 as one of the most distant known poor clusters. Simple energetic arguments suggest that the two clusters constitute a bound system. This discovery adds considerable weight to the suggestion made by Koo in 1981 that CL 0016+16 is part of a massive large-scale structure at z ~ 0.55.

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