The characteristics of OH/IR objects, infrared stars with OH maser emission

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Emission Spectra, Hydrogen Masers, Hydroxyl Radicals, Infrared Stars, Light Emission, Maser Outputs, Stimulated Emission, Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, Celestial Bodies, Infrared Radiation, Near Infrared Radiation, Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Terrestrial Radiation

Scientific paper

Over 1,000 MHz masers showing a characteristic double-peaked velocity (OH/IR sources) were discovered by radio surveys and could not identified optically. They are associated with infrared objects (OH/IR stars) of which the evolutionary stage was unknown. The nature of these OH/IR stars is analyzed. They were observed several years in the infrared spectral region between 1 and 30 microns to prove their variability. By comparison with known variable stars, showing the same characteristic OH maser emission, they must be considered as extension of the optically known Mira stars toward greater masses and longer periods. The long period pulsation of these "infrared Mira stars" is connected with enhanced mass loss, which causes the formation of optically thick circumstellar shells. These dust shells are absorbing most of the optical emission of the central star. The classification of the OH/IR stars as Mira variables implies that also intermediate mass stars are going through a phase of long period pulsation during their evolution on the asymptotic giant branch. Because of their strong mass loss, stars in this evolutionary stage obviously can be identified only in the infrared or if present, by their OH maser emission.

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