Solubility of copper in a sulfur-free mafic melt

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The solubility of Cu in S-free mafic melts has been measured at a series of f O 2 values and temperatures of 1245 and 1300°C. At constant temperature Cu solubility increases from 0.04 wt% at log f O 2 = -11.9 to 1.10 wt% at log f O 2 = -7.4. Copper solubilities were in excess of 8 wt% in two runs controlled at very high f O 2 conditions of 10 -1.4 and 10 -22 Partitioning of Cu between metal and glass shows a strong f O 2 dependence, with D Cu met/gl ranging from 90 at log f O 2 = -7.4 to 2190 at log f O 2 = -11.9. Slopes of Cu solubility and D Cu met/gl vs. log f O 2 suggest that Cu dissolves predominantly in the +1 valence state. Copper solubility decreases with increasing temperature at constant f O 2 , similar to experimental results for Ni, Co, and Mo (Dingwell et al., 1994; Holzheid et al., 1994). The data are consistent with Cu dissolution as an oxide (represented by CuO 0.5 ) and suggest that changes in f O 2 (Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ variations and Cu 1+ complexation with Fe 3+ ) may have large effects on the distribution of Cu between silicate and sulfide magmas. Results also suggest that the extraction of oxide-bonded Cu in mafic magmas by externally derived S may be an important mechanism in the generation of Cu-rich sulfide ores.

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