Relativistic theory for clock syntonization and the realization of geocentric coordinate times.

Details Relativistic theory for clock syntonization and the realization of geocentric coordinate times. Relativistic theory for clock syntonization and the realization of geocentric coordinate times.

Dec 1995

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995a%26a...304..653w&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.304, p.653

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

18

Relativity, Reference Systems, Time

Scientific paper

General relativity predicts that two ideal clocks that move with a relative velocity, and are submitted to different gravitational fields will in general be observed to run at different rates. Similarly the rate of a clock with respect to the coordinate time of some space-time reference system is dependent on the velocity of the clock in that reference system and on the gravitational fields it is submitted to. For the syntonization of clocks and the realization of coordinate times (like TAI) this rate shift has to be taken into account with an uncertainty that should be below the frequency stability of the clocks in question, i.e. all terms that are larger than the instability of the clocks should be corrected for. Presently the best atomic clocks reach frequency stabilities of 1x10^-15^, with new designs promising an improvement by several orders of magnitude. We present a theory for the calculation of the relativistic rate shift for clocks in the vicinity of the Earth, including all terms larger than one part in 10^18^. This, together with previous work on clock synchronization (Petit & Wolf 1994), amounts to a complete relativistic theory for the realization of coordinate time scales at picosecond synchronization and 10^-18^ syntonization accuracy, which should be sufficient to accommodate future developments in time transfer and clock technology.

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