Enhanced eddy diffusion and large eddies above the nominal turbopause height

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3334 Middle Atmosphere Dynamics (0341, 0342), 3369 Thermospheric Dynamics (0358), 3379 Turbulence (4490)

Scientific paper

Eddy diffusivity measurements from sounding rocket chemical releases have been very limited but have shown evidence for enhanced diffusion above the nominal turbopause height in both cases in which detailed analyses have been carried out. Specifically, enhanced diffusion rates, larger than the molecular diffusion rate, were found up to altitudes above 110 km. We present a summary of the earlier results and argue that the large eddies that are frequently observed with resonance lidars in the altitude range above 100 km may contribute significantly to the turbulent diffusion and transport in that altitude range. Specifically, the overturning features have characteristic time scales of several hours and vertical scales greater than 2-3 km and are qualitatively similar to the so-called "large eddies" found in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The latter are known to contribute significantly to the eddy diffusive transport in the lower atmosphere. We compare the overturning feature characteristics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region with those in the PBL and discuss the implications for eddy diffusive transport in the upper atmosphere.

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