The last 850 millennia recorded at the Stari Slankamen loess-paleosol sequence: revised chronostratigraphy and long-term environmental trends

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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4904 Atmospheric Transport And Circulation, 4910 Astronomical Forcing, 4914 Continental Climate Records, 4946 Milankovitch Theory

Scientific paper

The Stari Slankamen loess section is located on the northeastern part of the Srem Loess Plateau (Vojvodina region, North Serbia) on the west bank of the Danube River opposite the Tisa (Tisza) confluence. The ca. 40-m thick cliff is comprised of loess intercalated with 7 major paleo-pedocomplexes and can be considered to be one of the most significant, nearly continuous, Quaternary sections in the Carpathian (Panonnian) Basin area. Here we present magnetostratigraphic and aminostratigraphic evidence that further emphasizes the importance of the site in terms of its age and the long-term paleoclimatic record it preserves. Characteristic remnant magnetization, obtained through alternating field demagnetization, was obtained on 59 oriented samples and demonstrates the presence of the Matuyama-Brunhes boundary (MBB) at a profile depth of 36 m, within loess unit V-L7. This interpretation is confirmed by new high resolution paleomagnetic investigations (434 oriented samples) from the lower of the profile. Low frequency field magnetic susceptibility was measured in situ in the lower 20 m of the exposure and in the laboratory on samples taken from the upper 20 m of the loess-paleosol sequence. As a record of pedogenic alteration, the magnetic susceptibility (MS) record provides a mean of correlating the sequence with key loess sites in Central and Southeastern Europe, China, and with key climate archives such as the marine oxygen-isotope record. The MS records and evidence from amino acid geochronology measurements indicate a missing pedocomlex (V-S2), the result of an erosion event represented by distinct layer overlying an erosion unconformity. In addition, the magnetostratigraphic and aminostratigraphic based age model requires a significant revision of hitherto published chronostratigraphic subdivisions of the sequence. Our revised chronostratigraphic model suggests that previous age estimates, including results of previous thermoluminescence dating, need to be reconsidered, as they underestimate the depositional age of the material. The relative completeness and long time period represented by the Stari Slankamen section is unusual in European loess sequences. As such, the section provides a rare opportunity to investigate detailed and long-term climatic change over the Middle Pleistocene in a region influenced by air masses from high and middle latitudes as well as the North Atlantic and Mediterranean. The changing relative importance of these air masses through time provides insight into local and regional synoptic systems and their evolution through the last ca. 850 ka. The section can thus be considered as one of the key loess - paleoclimate records in Europe.

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