Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008agufmae13a0318s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #AE13A-0318
Other
0343 Planetary Atmospheres (5210, 5405, 5704), 2411 Electric Fields (2712), 3324 Lightning, 6207 Comparative Planetology, 8147 Planetary Interiors (5430, 5724, 6024)
Scientific paper
The propagation of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves in the Earth surface-ionosphere cavity has been studied for more than fifty years to investigate a wide variety of atmospheric and ionospheric phenomena, namely ionospheric dynamics, thunderstorm, and lightning activity. The surface and the ionosphere acting as reflectors of ELF waves define a cavity where ELF can propagate. When the cavity is excited with broadband electromagnetic sources, resonances can develop if the equatorial circumference is approximately equal to an integral number of wavelengths of the propagating waves; this phenomenon is known as Schumann resonance. A similar investigation can be performed for any other planet and satellite, provided this body is wrapped into an ionosphere and a low frequency electromagnetic source exists. There are, however, important differences between the Earth and other bodies, regarding the surface conductivity, the atmospheric electron density, the ionospheric cavity geometry, and the sources of electromagnetic energy. In this work we present a comparative planetology study of ELF wave propagation and atmospheric electricity of several environments, namely Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Titan. We revisit the available models for ELF propagation in several planetary cavities, recapitulate the similarities and differences among the planets, and compare simulations with in situ measurements whenever available. We review the propagation process of ELF electromagnetic waves in planetary cavities, with a particular emphasis on the application of the Schumann resonance observation to investigating the lower ionosphere of Venus and Mars, determining the water content of the gaseous envelope of Uranus and Neptune, and assessing the buried ocean of Titan predicted by theoretical models. The comparison of ELF wave propagation among rocky planets, gaseous giants, and icy satellites can be also used to improve the models of the Earth cavity. Instrumentation suitable to the measurement of ELF waves in planetary atmospheres, including ongoing and future missions such as Cassini-Huygens, ExoMars, Planet-C, and TSSM (Tandem), is briefly addressed.
Berthelier Jean-Jacques
Hamelin Michel
Simoes Fernando
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