Mapping Lithologic Units Exposed on the Summit of Mauna Kea Using AVIRIS Hyperspectral Reflectance Data

Details Mapping Lithologic Units Exposed on the Summit of Mauna Kea Using AVIRIS Hyperspectral Reflectance Data Mapping Lithologic Units Exposed on the Summit of Mauna Kea Using AVIRIS Hyperspectral Reflectance Data

Dec 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agufm.p52b0581g&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2001, abstract #P52B-0581

Other

5464 Remote Sensing, 5470 Surface Materials And Properties

Scientific paper

Atmospherically corrected, hyperspectral reflectance data derived from the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) instrument are used to map the distribution of ferric oxide minerals and phyllosilicates exposed at the summit of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii. The spatial resolution of the Mauna Kea AVIRIS data is about 15 meters. AVIRIS spectra for visible and near infrared wavelengths between 0.4 to 1.1 micrometers exhibit electronic transition features that show the presence of hematite, palagonite, and possibly jarosite. Three spectrally distinct units of hematite in terms of the depth of the ferric absorption features are seen in the AVIRIS data with variations likely related to the size of hematite grains. Three phyllosilicate units are also identified in the AVIRIS data based on metal-OH absorptions in the wavelength region of 2.0 to 2.5 micrometers. These units consist of kaolinite, montmorillonite, and saponite. Surfaces of relatively fresh, uneroded cinder cones lacking hydrothermal alteration are typically dominated by exposures of the hematite units as seen by AVIRIS. These cones exhibit a concentric zoning in the distribution of hematite units. The hematite unit with the deepest ferric oxide absorption bands and a distinctive red color occurs at or near the summit of the cones. Ferric absorption features in the other two hematite units become progressively shallower for locations further down the flanks of cones. The palagonite unit is typically located at the base of cinder cones and on flows between the cones. Surfaces of eroded cinder cones, such as Puu Poliahu and Puu Waiau, have localized exposures of the phyllosilicate and perhaps jarosite units. Montmorillonite is most commonly occurring phyllosilicate unit. Several phyllosilicate units have a saponite core surrounded by montmorillonite. Kaolinite seen in the AVIRIS data occurs in two discrete exposures on Puu Poliahu that are surrounded by montmorillonite. One kaolinite exposure coincides with a possible jarosite unit. The phyllosilicate units may reflect strong localized hydrothermal alteration along small fractures or dikes that focused hydrothermal fluids.

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