a Search for Cosmic Sources of Gamma Rays with Energies Between 1011 and 1014 ev

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

Theoretical estimates of gamma-ray fluxes from a number of cosmic objects are presented; conditions under which detectable fluxes would be generated by M 87, the Crab Nebula, M 82, and Cas A are discussed in detail. The apparatus used at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory to search for sources of gamma rays with energies in the region 1011 to 1014 ev by detection of the Cerenkov radiation from cosmic-ray air showers is described. The design of a 10-m aperture reflector used to concentrate this radiation is discussed. Experimental results for a number of sources are presented; the results are interpreted on the basis of a detailed theoretical study of the Cerenkov radiation from 1011-ev gamma-ray-initiated air showers. No statistically significant effects have been recorded. In particular, reports of possible fluxes from the Crab Nebula and CP 1133 have not been verified. It is concluded from the upper limit established for the Crab Nebula that the Effective magnetic-field strength in this object is greater than 1.5 X 10-4 gauss. In addition, it is shown that the synchrotron-emitting electrons in this object do not originate through the decay of mesons produced in proton-proton collisions even if the extrapolation of the synchrotron spectrum to the x-ray region is denied.

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