Computer Science – Sound
Scientific paper
Apr 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983rvgsp..21..585p&link_type=abstract
Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics (ISSN 0034-6853), vol. 21, April 1983, p. 585-592.
Computer Science
Sound
1
Geodesy, Measuring Instruments, Technology Assessment, Bibliographies, Celestial Geodesy, Gravity Gradiometers, Laser Range Finders, Radio Probing, Satellite Sounding
Scientific paper
Equipment, operations, calibration, and accuracy of existing positioning, geodetic, and gravimetric equipment are explored. Radio navigation and positioning systems now include OMEGA, LORAN, VOR, DME, TACAN, and LONAR. Dedicated positioning satellites comprise the Transit and Navstar systems, with positioning accuracies of 8 m available with the GPS. Missile tracking, particularly for submarine launched rockets, is accomplished with the Satrack satellite, which furnishes position and velocity accuracy to within 40 ft and 0.08 ft/sec, respectively. VLBI techniques permit sighting of astronomical objects to obtain 20 cm accuracy for pole positioning and 1 m/sec for earth rotation speeds. Methods have been devised to use portable equipment which compensates for refraction when using lasers and masers in ranging trials. NASA has established a fixed and mobile global laser tracking network to provide a ranging accuracy of 100 cm when employed with satellite and lunar reflectors. Lasers are also used for terrain contouring, aircraft ranging, and satellite altimetry. A free-fall gravimeter has been developed which involves dropping one reflector of a two-beam Michelson interferometer, yielding an accuracy of 10 microgal. It is noted that new standards are needed for the NASA Deep Space Network.
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